Toll-Like Receptor Signalling Pathways and the Pathogenesis of Retinal Diseases

There is growing evidence that the pathogenesis of retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) have a significant chronic inflammatory component. A vital part cascade through activation pattern recognition receptors (PRR) toll-like (TLR). Here, we reviewed past current literature to ascertain cumulative knowledge regarding effect TLRs on development progression diseases. burgeoning research demonstrating relationship between risk developing diseases, utilising range relevant disease models few large clinical investigations. The confirms are involved in DR, AMD, ischaemic retinopathy. Genetic polymorphisms appear contribute AMD DR. However, there some inconsistencies published reports which require further elucidation. TLR associations dystrophies including retinitis pigmentosa limited. Based relating role TLRs, combining anti-VEGF therapies with inhibition may provide longer-lasting treatment vascular